In these sections I will discuss different trends in thinking about psychiatric disorders (3.1) and the most important institutions for treating psychiatric patients (3.2). After that, a brief history of the Mental Health movement and of the Psychoanalytic movement follows. It is noteworthy that the two most spectacular developments of twentieth century psychiatry in the United States resemble movements more than sciences (3.3 and 3.4). Finally, I will sketch the situation around 1961, that in more than one way can be considered a turning point in the developments (3.5).